50TPD, Glass Furnace, Melting And Manufacture, Glass Industry
1. Brief Description
Glass furnace is a melting device, which is the most necessary and
important equipment for the glass industry.
The melting process is divided into five stages as following, each
section has its inner connection, affecting each other. If one
stage has imperfect performance, it will influence the next stage,
and ultimately affect the quality of glass.
Technical process of glass
Glass liquid forming
In this stage, the sinter will be melting and the silicate and SiO2
in sinter will change to flint glass liquid with a plenty of
bubbles. However, its chemical components and character are not
even.
Clearing
The glass liquid is continuously heated, and its viscosity is
reduced with plenty of gaseous sundries released, which should
eliminate the visible bubbles with the pool of liquid.
Homogenization
The glass liquid is kept at high temperature for a long time, the
ripple eliminates by diffused function and homogenizes as a whole.
The temperature of homogenization can be lower than the clearing
stage.
Factors that influence the melting effects:
- Characteristic of raw materials
- Chemical component of batched materials
- Material feeding method
- Melting temperature
2. Type of Furnace
Capacity
| Small scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: below 50tons |
| Medium scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: 50tons~150tons |
| Large scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: 150tons plus |
Heating source
| Fired furnace | The combustion fuel can be natural gas, heavy oil, diesel oil…… for
this kind of furnace. |
| Electric furnace | Electricity is the fuel for this kind of furnace. |
| Fired-electric furnace | This kind of furnace is mainly using combustion fuel, electricity
is used as a supplementary heating source. |
3. Furnace structure
According to current fired furnace structure, it is mainly divided
into four parts:
It is the part which melts batched materials and Clearing and
homogenizes glass liquid. In the upper space of the melting section
is referred to as the flame space, the lower part is melting tank.
The flame comes from the burner through the port, which feds in
preheated air to increase the flame effiency.
- Heat source supply section
The heated air and gas flow into the pre-combustion room for mixing
via this access after they flow out of the regenerator. This is
also an access for the flue gas to flow into the regenerator from
the flame space.
- Waste heat recovery section
A waste heat recovery device is designed for improving the flame
temperature of furnace, which could heat the combustion air and gas
by using the waste heat and then to increase the flame temperature
and save energy.
- Gas supply and waste gas exhaust
A gas supply and waste gas exhaust system is designed to ensure the
continues, regular and efficient operation of the furnace, which
includes double deck reversal unit, air and gas flue channel,
middle flue channel, blower, main flue channel and chimney.
4. Furnace melting technology system
Furnace melting technology includes temperature, pressure,
bubbling, glass liquid level, fuel, reversing system etc.
The temperature must be strictly controlled, it affects the glass
melting speed, glass liquid convection situation, glass forming
condition, fuel combustion, furnace campaign, etc.
Temperature
The temperature means the temperature the of melting tank, not the
whole furnace. The distribution of temperature is from the melting
tank through the length of the furnace.
Pressure
Furnace pressure is the static pressure of the gas system, which is
determinate by pressure distribution curve.
Bubbling
Stable shape and position of bubble are an important sign to
estimate the melting performance, which will also affect the
production capacity of furnace and quality of glass liquid.
Factors that affects bubbling:
- Shape of materials
- Fuel quality
- Quantity of cullet feeding
- Moisture of batched materials
- Quality of raw materials
- Port structure
